For copies of this report, please contact:

dawn@thot.net

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

PURPOSE

METHODOLOGY

FINDINGS

SUMMARY

ANNNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

DAWN Ontario wishes to acknowledge the many individuals who contributed to this study. First, special recognition and thanks go to all of the people who took time to participate in this research. We would like to thank all of the providers of service in Northern Ontario Women's centres, Women's shelters, and sexual assault crisis centre's who took time to fill out the questionnaire.

We are indebted to the members of the Steering Committee; Meena Singh, Claire Cressy-Forsythe, Si Transken, and Deborah Ullman, for sharing their experiences, knowledge, insight and expertise with us. We also with to thank Tracy Odell, for reviewing drafts of the report, and offering timely advice. As well, we would like to thank Kristin Punkari, for taking the time to do research and transcibe the material in print.

Finally, we would like to acknowledge Nancy Recollet of the Ministry of Citizenship, Culture and Recreation, for her patience, understanding and belief in what we are trying to accomplish with this document.

PURPOSE

This project, funded by the Ministry of Citizenship, Culture and Communication, was ultimately an interactive needs assessment used to determine what information is available for consumers of service, service providers and family members in respect to understanding or assisting Women with disAbilities having to deal with a variety of circumstances such as abuse, violence, neglect, or access to services which are appropriate.

Information about available resources was gathered from the providers of service and an extensive library search inquiry. The information was collated into an annotated bibliography to be distributed to those who where involved in the assessment.

The material is available on Tracey Odell's DAWN Ontario website page at: http://www3.sympatico.ca/odell/dawnpage.htm this address will soon be changing).

METHODOLOGY

The project was conducted in four stages:

1) Development of a steering committee to initially develop the needs assessment, and to offer expertise regarding the specific focus. The Steering Committee consisted of Meena Singh(Sexual Assault Crisis Counsellor), Claire Cressy-Forsythe (Executive Director- YWCA), Si Transken (PhD candidate-Women's Studies, private consultant) and Deborah Ullman (Chair-DAWN Ontario).

2) Implementation of Needs Assessment (see Appendix1) and information gathering from library search.

3) Collation of information obtained and preparation in written format.

4) Distribution of information to all who participated in the study. This information includes the annotated bibliography of available resources and a list of resources that are not currently available or difficult to attain. This information also suggests areas for possible investigation in further research.

  NEEDS ASSESSMENT RESPONSES

The following is a brief summary of the information gathered via the questionnaire sent out to 50 Northern Ontario agencies, which deal with Women’s issues and/or disability related issues. It was of interest to note that 7 of the questionnaires came back as returned mail because the organizations were no longer in existence (most due to funding cutbacks). As such, our response total was significantly less.

Out of the 43 agencies who were asked to respond to the questionnaire, 20 responded. This was a 46.5% return rate. Considering that mailback questionnaires usually receive a low response, we were pleased to see as many returned back to us.

Of the 20 respondents, 35% (7) had information specifically related to Women with disAbilities and violence. Resources available included information from DAWN Ontario and some journal articles relevant for professionals in understanding the dual marginalization of Women with disAbilities who have been victims of violence. (See appendix).

In respect to any written publications regarding Women with disAbilities and violence 0% of the respondents had published any material. One of the respondents mentioned that essays had been written, however, no information regarding the specific subject nature was offered.

Respondents were asked if they had an ISSN number for any documentation they had produced. Not one of the respondents had one. However all but one respondent was interested in information about how to obtain this information. Of interest to note, is that many of these respondents publish their own newsletter. This information would be of benefit to numerous people if they could gain access to the information they send out to their membership or network affiliates.

When asked if organizations were accessible to Women with disAbilities, there were some encouraging responses. 65% of the organizations were accessible. 7% were in the process of becoming accessible with 1997. 28% were not accessible, and did not offer information regarding the possibility of their organization becoming accessible. Question 7 asked if the organization’s staff were trained to work with Women with disAbilities. 55% of the respondents stated that their staff were trained to work with Women with disAbilities.

30% stated that their staff were not trained to assist Women with disAbilities. 15% of the respondents demonstrated some capacity to assist Women with disAbilities, i.e. American Sign Language, mental health issues. One respondent made mention of a counsellor in their organization being disabled, and as such being sensitive to the needs of Women with disAbilities.

In respect to having anyone on staff specializing their practice in assisting Women with disabilities 10% (2 respondents) stated that there was a staff member who’s main focus was assisting Women with disAbilities and violence issues. One respondent stated considerable experience as a feminist counsellor, and was in process of receiving a Doctorate in the area of feminist counselling and abuse.

It is without suprise, that of all the respondents, two offered their services as an “as needed resource” for others who may find themselves in need of more information when offering assistance to Women with disAbilities who have been victims of violence. (See Appendix)

Experience ranged from alternate communication devices (TTY), sign language, ethnocultural issues facing Women of colour and violence, ritual abuse, harassment/abuse in the workforce, and elder abuse.

As we did not receive the response rate we were hoping to attain, a separate resource directory will not be available from this particular research. There is however, a list of some of the centres who offered services as resources for numerous Women’s issues at the back of this report.

LITERATURE RESEARCH SUMMARY

The researchers for this project utilized numerous resources to obtain material specific to Women with disAbilities and violence. Information was obtained via library searches, internet searches, word of mouth, inhouse resources and via information obtained in the questionnaire sent out to Northern agencies.

This document lists 60 resources obtained, specific to Women with disAbilities and violence. Violence for the purpose of this report includes the following: physical abuse, emotional abuse, institutional abuse, sexual assault, ritual abuse and violent offences occuring with ethnocultural Women.

Although there were numerous journal articles regarding the topic, many of them would be of little use to the affected Women or their families, as the language was geared to professionals working in the field i.e. psychologists, social workers, medical doctors, legal professionals. As most professionals have the capacity to obtain this material via their own search inquiries, we have left out most of the journal references. We have, however, listed the numerous journals located in our search at the back of this report for reference purposes.

The researchers focused on publications in book format, presentation kits, and pamphlets available to the general public, Women and girls with disAbilities and their families. This information would be of use to service agencies assisting female victims of violence, who have disabilities.

Initially, a literature search regarding Women and violence was quite general. It was conducted for the purpose of obtaining information which may not have been listed in a more specific subcategory. There were literally thousands of articles (journal & newspaper) and/or books on the topic.

Given the extensive information available however, we were surprised to see only a small amount specific to Women with disAbilities and violence.

There were numerous resources in respect to information about Women with mental health concerns, however, not in an assistive manner to the woman in need. There was also some information about Women of colour, using a feminist perspective, however, once again, of little use to the person experiencing the violent acts.

The researchers of this bibliography selected 60 resources which may be of benefit to all concerned in the scope of this project. We hope the information provided in this report will be useful or providers of service, clients and families.

PROJECT EVALUATION

Initially, evaluation of this project was to include the questions determined by the Steering Committee. It was hoped to have a feedback loop in place, after an initial test run of the questionnaire. Unfortunately, time did not allow for this to happen, however, some recommendations have been made for further research:

More specific questions to ask the service providers, i.e. “What types of disabilities has your organization worked with?”, What percentage of your clients are Women with disAbilities?”, “Is your organization using the internet?”, “Who do you consult with when you need information regarding assisting Women with disAbilities?”...

It has been recommended that personal interviews with the different service providers be set up to obtain a better response rate. As well, it would offer the researchers time to go through the different resource libraries at the organizations to find out what relevant information is available. Factors to take into consideration would be the length of time to complete the project and the financing of paid staff to do so. This project was conducted by volunteers.

As we did not receive the response we were hoping to obtain from the questionnaire, a separate resource directory will not be available at this time. It is hoped that further research in this area can be conducted in the future to offer this most valuable tool. Some of the respondents are listed at the back of this document for reference purposes.

Due to the numerous findings in professional journals regarding Women with disAbilities and violence, we have posted a number of journals for reference purposes in the appendix, which will certainly be of use for people working in the field of violence/disability/and Women.

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

Ludwig, S., & Hinsburger, D. (1993). Sexual abuse. East York, ON: SIECCAN (Sex Information & Education Council of Canada). This is the 15th book in a 17 part series on sexuality education for young adults and adults with developmental disabilities. The book discusses sexual abuse, using illustrations, Blissymbolics, and script. It defines what is considered sexual abuse, and what a person’s emotional response is like. It offers valuable information regarding what to do if it has happened; the need to tell someone, medical exams, and the legal process. Key words and Blissymbolics are included.

Best, Margaret and Stimpson, Liz. (1991) Courage above all: Sexual assault against Women with disAbilities. DisAbled Women' Network. Toronto, ON. This book examines disabled Women in Ontario who have been sexually assaulted and how they deal with the police, the legal system and community service organizations. Recommendations are included for institutions, the government and for individuals.

Asch, A., & Fine, M. Eds. (1988). Introduction: Beyond pedestals. Women with disabilities: Essays in psychology, culture, and politics. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. This introduction speaks to a number of issues facing Women with disAbilities. It discusses issues of sexuality (including physical abuse of girls and Women with disAbilities), sterilization, parenting, violence and isolation.

It suggests that a type of enforced dependency makes reporting near unheard of and forces some Women to stay in abusive relationships rather than to face possibly more serious alternatives. It speaks to caregivers most frequently being the abusers. However there is frequent abuse in institutional and community settings.

Association for Residential Care, National Association for the Protection from Sexual Abuse of Adults and Children with Learning Disabilities. (1993). “It could never happen here! The prevention and treatment of sexual abuse of adults with learning disabilities in residential settings.” Chesterfield & Nottingham, England: This book includes a discussion of legal issues, guidelines for interagency cooperation, strategies to reduce risk, staff and training concerns, administrative responsibilities, support for victims and others who may be affected.

Baladerian, N.J., & Waxman, B. F., (1985). Rape treatment recommendations for disabed people. Culver, CA. This book looks at numerous factors associated with the rape treatmetn of people with disabilites: the risk factors, perceptions of people with disAbilities about service providers, and terminology. It looks at medical examinations, legal problems, and access to community services for all groups of disabilities. This book also explores the myths regarding sexual assault and people with disAbilities.

Boniface, J. (1994). Can justice be done? In S. Hollins (Ed.), Proceedings: It did happen here: Sexual abuse and learning disability: Recognition and action. London: St. George’s Hospital Medical School, Division of The Psychiatry of Disability.

This chapter offers the perspective of a mother who became very involved in the successful prosecution of a man who sexually abused her daughter with mental retardation. The mother went on to form VOICE, an organization of parents and some profesionals that work to prevent sexual abuse and supports victims with mental retardation and their families.

Boylan, E. (1991). Women and disability. London: Zed Books. This book was originally presented in a kit for the 1981 International Year of Disabled Persons. It was also prepared by the United Nations as part of a Women and World Development Series.

It has contributions from Women with disAbilities, professionals, nongovernment organizations, and United Nations orgainzations. They cover information concerning challenges faced by Women with disAbilities throughout the world, both in terms of survival and community belongingness. Topics cover: stigma, double discrimination, human rights of Women with disAbilities and violation of these rights. It also looks at issues of prevention, rehabilitation, education, employment, caregiving, aging, and taking control of one’s life. This resource also offersguidelines and lists of useful organizations, readings, and audio visual resources for improving the lives of Women with disAbilities.

Brassard, M. R., Hart, S. N., & Hardy, D. B. (1991). Psychological and emotional abuse of children. In R.T. Ammerman & M. Hersen (Eds.), Case studies in family violence. New York: Plenum. This chapter uses a case example of a dysfunctional family in order to define some of the problems encountered in the psychological and emotional abuse of children.It examines the assessment of family, family characteristics, and psychological maltreatment within family settings. Also discussed are medical, legal, social, and family issues. Treatment options are also suggested.

Bullard, D. G., & Knight, S. E., (Eds.). (1981). Sexuality and physical disability: Personal perspectives. St. Louis: C. V. Mosby. This is a collection of articles which address many aspects of sexuality and physical disability. Many of the contributors have disabilities, share personal and professional insights on the following topics: specific disabilities and medical conditions, individual and family concerns, education, therapy and counselling, and specific issues for Women. The book includes an article outlining the work of the Seattle Rape Relief Developmental Disabilities Project, which addresses the issue of sexual abuse of people with disAbilities and offers prevention alternatives through an education and training program. The training program emphasizes counteracting vulnerabilitiy with realistic self-protection skill training in order to reduce the risk and devastating effects of sexual abuse.

Conley, R. W., Luckasson, R., & Bouthilet, G. N. (Eds.). (1992). The criminal justice system and mental retardation:.Defendants and victims. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co. This book offers important perspetives on the participation of people with mental retardation in the criminal justice system. Although most of the book deals with issues primarily related to people with disabilites who have been accused of crimes, chapter 11 offers a more specific discussion of people with disAbilities who have been victims.

Craft, A. (Ed.) (1993). Practice issue in sexuality and learning disabilities. London: Routledge. This book looks at a wide range of issues and practices related to sexuality and developmental disabilities. The majority of the book looks at sexual health and education issues. There are however, three chapters relevant to sexual abuse: “Sexual abuse of individuals with intellectual disability,” “Between ourselves: Experiences of a Women’s group on sexuality and sexual abuse,” and “Working with sexually abused individuals who have a learning disability.”

D'Aubin, A. (1987). Disabled Women's Issues- A Coalition of Provincial Organizations of the Handicapped Discussion Paper. This handbook provides basic information on issues concerning disabled Women and violence, including incidence rates of violence and particularly of rape/sexual assault. The story of a disabled Winnepeg woman who had been molested by a male attendant is included. Statitistics quoted are from the DisAbled Women's Network (DAWN).

DisAbled Women's Network. "Violence Fact Sheet: Violence against Women with Disabilities" DAWN Toronto. Available from DAWN Ontario. This fact sheet reviews statistics on violence against disabled Women and non-disabled Women. It describes who commits these acts, where it could happen and the results of a violent attack.

Doucette, J. (1988). Disabled Women and Violence. In A. D’Aubin (Ed.), Breaking the silence. Edmonton, AB: Coalition of Provincial Organizaations of the Handicapped (COPOH. Joanne Doucette, a Canadian authority on Women with disAbilities and violence, is a long time member of DisAbled Women’s Network) DAWN.

This personal interview speaks to her research conducted, in which she found that 67% of Women with disAbilities interviewed had been abused as children. This statistic showed that the occurrence was twice as likely as Women without disabilities. Doucette demonstrates violence prevention and intervention services are high priorities for Women with disAbilities. Also identified are the high need for services for Women with communication or developmental disabilities, who are especially vulnerable to to abuse. Isolation and institutionalization are seen as the major factors in the abuse experienced by Women with disAbilities.

Doucette, J.,(1986). Violent Acts Against Disabled Women. ibid This report documents the final results of a survey done in the fall of 1986 to determine the incidence of violent assault against Women with disAbilities. The survey consisted of disabled and non disabled Women participants. The findings revealed significantly high statistics regarding incidence and types of abuse.

Doucette, J., (1988). Sexual assault & the disabed woman: Disabled? Sexually assaulted? Need help? Toronto: DAWN (DisAbled Women’s Network) Canada. This booklet offers to-the-point information for Women with disabilities who have been sexually assaulted. It informs the reader about what to do and how to repo a sexual assault. The booklet includes telephone numbers of police, medical, and counselling services along with information on accessibility relevant to individuals with various disabilities.

Edwards, J., P., & Elkins, T. E. (1988). Just Between Us. Portland, OR: Ednick Communications. This book is of assistance to parents and professionals regarding issues of sexuality of children, adolescents, or young adults with developmetnal disabilities. It uses clear language and provides useful information as well as discussion about ethical issues one may need to consider. Issues regarding touch (appropriate and inappropriate) relationships, exploitation and reporting are also covered.

Fitz-Gerald, D., & Fitz-Gerald, M. (1986). Information on sexuality for young people and their families. Washington, DC: Gallaudet College, Pre-College Programs. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 294 407). This book is written for young persons with hearing impairments or difficulty with reading and language skills. It is easy to follow and speaks to issues of sexually transmitted diseases, abortion, sexual abuse and assault, and building relationships. It includes a glossary of terms; alist of books for parents, pre-teens, and children.

Gabinet, Irene. (1996)St.Joseph's Health Centre: Woman Abuse Protocol. St.Joseph's Women's Health Centre, Toronto. This protocol is a guide to providing screening, assessment and intervention strategies. It is committed to breaking the cycle of violence against Women.

Gochenour C. & Longo, R.E. (1981). "Sexual Assault of handicapped individuals". Journal of Rehabilitation. 47 (3), p. 24-27. Disabled individuals were found to be more vulnerable to being the victims of sexual assault. This journal is an excellent resource for those professionals who work with disabled individuals.

Goldstein, D. P.. (1987). Annotated bibliography of sexuality and communication disorders. ASHA (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association) 29(12), 33-34. This bibliography provides 28 annotated references on the subject of sexuality and communication disorders. It includes references about people with disAbilities and sexuality, sex education, and psychosexual disturbance.

Hahn, H. (1993) Can disability be beautiful? In M. Nagler (Ed.), Perspectives on Disability. Palo Alto, CA: Health Markets Research. This chapter draws a comparison of the social history of disability with the social history of other minorities. It is suggested that stigma will only be improved when positive aspects of disability are recognized and emphasized.

Hall, J., Payne, T., & Simpson, J. (1986). Legal rights & intellectual disability: A short guide. Redfern, Australia: Redfern Legal Centre. Protection of civil rights of people with disAbilities, and taking action against any wrongs are discussed in this book. It examines: protecting rights, discrimination, personal relationships, sheltered workshops, housing, guardianship and money management, crime and people with intellectual disabilities, consumer protection, and caregivers in New South Wales, Australia.

Health Canada. (1990). Sexual Abuse and Exploitation of People with Disabilities: A Study of the Victims. National Clearinghouse on Family Violence, Ottawa. The purpose of this study is to provide additional information on the nature and extent of risk for abuse among people with disAbilities and to determine if current prevention and treatment services meet their needs.

Hingsburger, Dave. (1995). Just Say Know! Understanding and Reducing the Risk of Sexual Victimization of People with Developmental Disabilities. Diverse City Press, Eastman Quebec. This book addresses the issue of sexual abuse with the disabled and it describes how the equip individuals with the tools they need to protect themselves from abuse.

Hinsburger, D. (1990). I contact: Sexuality and people with developmental disabilities. Mountville, PA: VIDA. This book offers the personal perspective of a sexuality counsellor who works with people with disAbilities. Many anecdotes and parallels are utilized to demonstrate how counsellors have to change perspective on how they assist persons with disAbilities, in order to be effective.

Hinsburger, D. (1993) I openers: Parents ask questions about sexuality and children with developmental disabilities. Vancouver, BC: Family Support Institute. Numerous questions posed by parents regarding their children with disAbilities and sexuality are explored. Issues of abuse and exploitation are examined. The book encourages healthy attitudes about sexuality which tend to discourage abuse.

Hopper, D. Intellectually handicapped victims of abuse: Doubly victimized? Autism Society of Canada, 7(4), pp1-3. 1989. This article discusses the case of a mentally handicapped woman who was sexually assaulted and was not allowed to testify in court on her own behalf.

Kallen, E. (1989). Label me human: Minority rights of stigmatized Canadians. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. This book discusses the human rights for people with disAbilities, gays and lesbians and alcoholics. It looks at the formation of stigman and the attachment and removal of stigmas. Some strategies are offered to ensure greater recognition and protection for stigmatized minority groups.

Kelly, L. (1992). The connections between disability and child abuse: A review of the research evidence. Child Abuse Review, 1, 157-167. This article examines the association between child abuse and disability. It notes that disability can be an outcome of abuse. It also makes the link between disability and potential vulnerability to abuse. Recommendations for further research into the pehenomenon is suggested.

Masuda, S. (1988). 22 million for transition houses-But can we use them. Thriving, 1(1), 1. DAWN Canada (DisAbled Women’s Network). This article points out that although governmental efforts are undrway to create more (and accessible) shelters for battered Women, there ironically is no requirement that these shelters be accessible to Women with disAbilities.

Masuda, S., & Riddington, J. (1990). Meeting our needs. Vancouver, BC: DAWN (DisAbled Women’s Network) Canada. This book offers information regarding background information about sexual, physical, and emotional abuse of Women with disAbilities; how many Canadian shelters are accessible; and guidelines for improving the accessibility of transition houses. This literature offers comprehensive information to service providers regarding accessibility.

McGilvary Sundem, J. & Ryerson, E. (1981). "Development of a curriculum on sexual exploitation and self-protection for handicapped students." Education Unlimited. p. 26-31 An article concerning sexual exploitation of persons with disAbilities gives statistics on abuse against this group. A curriculum was developed to increase disabled students' awareness of sexual abuse and to teach them self-protective skills.

McPherson, C. (1990). Responding to the Abuse of People with Disabilities. Advocacy Research Centre for the Handicapped, Toronto. This manual provides ideas, suggestions and information for people dealing with disabled people who have suffered abuse.

McPherson, Cathy. (1991). Abuse: How the Law Fails People with Disabilities. Advocacy Resource Centre for the Handicapped (ARCH), Toronto. Identifies some of the gaps which contribute to the vulnerability of people with disabilities. The issues are for consultation purposes only and encourage feedback which looks to reasonably accomodate people with disAbilities while at the same time advance laws which will not undermine the freedoms of disabled people or their sexuality.

McPherson, C. (1991). Violence Against Women with Disabilities: Out of Sight, Out of Mind. Canadian Women Studies 11(4), pp49-50. This article studies Women with disAbilities who have been abused and the concerns they have. It also deals with accessibility issues.

McPherson, Cathy. (1990). Responding to the Abuse of People with Disabilities. Advocacy Resource Centre, Toronto. This guide outlines "disabled" and "abuse", reporting abuse, assisting the victim and working to end abuse.

Morgan, S. R. (1987). Abuse and neglect of handicapped children. San Diego: College-Hill Press. “Children with disAbilities are victimes of abuse at least as often as other children, some children acquire disabling conditions as a result of abuse, premature infants are abused and neglected significantly more thn others, infoants with birth defects are more likely to be victims of gross life- threatening neglect, and alcohol is noted as a factor in child sexual abuse and other forms of abuse.” Societal attitudes, the question of cause and effect between disabilities and abuse, parental characteristics and professionals are examined.

Morris, A. (1982). A curriculum guide: Social and self- protection skills for the severely handicapped. Washington, DC: Molly Roeseler Anderson. A guide for assisting nonverbal students about self-protection issues in order to prevent abuse. This guide can be used in conjunction with other written or audiovisual materials or alone.

O'Toole, C.J. (1990). Violence and Sexual Assault Plague Many Disabled Women. New Directions for Women, vol. 17. This article studies findings on the rates of abuse against disabled Women compared to non-disabled and that organizations are not providing adequate or equal services to these Women who have suffered abuse. Suggestions are offerred to provide better services for disabled Women who have been abused.

Ontario Women's Directorate. (1993). Violence Against Women with Disabilities: A Service Needs Assessment. Toronto. This study provides an overview of the service needs of Women with disAbilities in Ontario who experienced violence in community settings.

Parr, Yvette and Shaman, Ellen. (1981). Providing Counselling and Advocacy for Disabled Persons who Have Been Sexually Abused: A Training Manuel for Staff and Volunteers. Seattle, Seattle Rape Relief. This manual offers information to disabled people about sexual assault and to crisis counsellors to help them in assisitng disabled Women who have been assaulted.

Parr, Y.A., Roeseler, M., Ryerson, E. & Shaman, E.J. (1983). Teacher training manual: Sexual Abuse of Persons with Disabilities - Techniques for Planning and Implementing a Self-Protection Program. Seattle: Disabilities Project - Seattle rape relief. An information manuel providing basic information concerning how to inform school administration their support to develop a program against sexual exploitation.

Partridge, Susanne and Stinchombe, Tere. (1993). Are you a woman? Disabled? Being hurt? Want help? Look inside. Toronto. This booklet provides resources to emergency numbers, legal and self-help, health and the numbers of Women's centres and other organizations.

Riddington, J. (1989, March). Beating the “Odds”: Violence and Women with disabilities (Position paper). Vancouver, BC: DAWN (DisABled Women’s Network) Canada. This report is based on a survey of 245 Women with disabilities. The report offers statistical evidence of Women with disAbilities who have experienced some form of abuse (physical, sexual, emotional, institutional...); whom they reported to, why they did or did not report. The most common reasons for not reporting included: fear and dependency. This report also includes much more information on the DAWN Canada study and several others.

Roeher Institute.(1992). No more victims: Addressing the sexual abuse of people with a mental handicap. Roeher Institute, Toronto. An essential resource for groups concerned with the sexual abuse of people with an intellectual disability. The manuals explore foactors that put people with an intellectual disability at risk of sexual abuse, how sexual abuse can be detected, appropriate responses and preventative measures. Each manual includes a two-day training curriculum.

Roeher Institute. (1993). Answering the call: The police response to family and care-giver violence against people with disAbilities. Roeher Institute, Toronto. A study of the policing process around violent victimization of people with disAbilities, exploring awareness and knowledge in the police community and the challenges peolple face in reporting to police.

Roeher Institute. (1995). Violence and people with disAbilities: A review of the literature. Roeher Institute, Toronto. A major new resource in redefining violence and abuse committed against persons with disAbilities. An analysis of the literature on violence in society, specifically examining literature on how people with disAbilities experience violence. Uncovers specific characteristics of violence little understood by society in general and the response systems in particular.

Roeher Institute. (1996). Safety kit: For people with disAbilities who feel unsafe and who want to do something about it. Roeher Institute, Toronto. This book is a tool to help people look around where they live, work, study and play, and help to see what is unsafe. It helps to see what changes are needed so that people are less likely to be hurt or abused. This book was written to help people with disAbilities see what changes could make them safer. It includes questions to help think about safety, and suggestions for ways to go about making changes to make people safer.

Roeher Institute. (1988). Vulnerable: Sexual abuse and people with an intellectual handicap. Roeher Institute, Toronto. Examines the prevalence of child sexual abuse and the risk factors for children with intellectual disabilities, as well as identification, effects and treatment of sexual abuse.

Roeher Institute. (1995). Harms way: The many faces of violence and abuse against persons with disAbilities in Canada. Roeher Institute, Toronto. Examines the forms of violence and abuse experienced by people with disAbilities, the extent of the problem,n factors creating vulnerability and factors affecting response by the community and legal system. Explores how people with disAbilities define what is violent and abusive.

Rose, L. (1986). Assault in special needs populations". SIECCAN, vol.1, No. 1, Spring-Summer Defines sexual assault prevention as a health and safety issue. The author looks at the vulnerability to sexual assault of people with special needs. She also looks at the offender, components of prevention, and caregiver response.

Saxton, M., & Howe, F. (Eds.) (1987). With wings: An anthology of literature by and about Women with disAbilities. New York: Feminist Press. Thirty essays, stories and poems by Women writers attempt to challenge the stereotypes and discrimination of Women with disAbilities. It offers a diverse range of experience which opens the doors to examining the “historical silencing” of their experience.

Sobsey, D., and C. Varnhagen. (1988). Sexual abuse and exploitation of people with disabilities, Final Report. University ot Alberta: Developmental Diabilities Centre. Suggests emphasis be placed on determination of parameters for appropriate prevention and victim's services. This suggestion is of particular importance in light of the studies which indicate that many agerncies serving victims of sexual abuse exclude some victims because of their disabilites and have difficulty serving other victims with disAbilities

Stuart, Charles K. and Virginia W. Stuart. (1981). Sexual assault: Disabled perspective, in Sexuality and Disability, vol 4, no. 4. Human Sciences Press. This article discusses sexual assault against disabled persons: rape, defense against assault, recovery from assault, and suggestions for assisting a disabled sexual assault victim.

The Roeher Institute. (1991). The right to control what happens to your body: A straightforward guide to issues of sexuality and sexual abuse. Know your rights, seek true justice, gain real power. North York, ON. This book is written for the self advocatng disabled on the issues of sexuality and sexual abuse. It discusses a person’s rights over thier body and supplies information concerning procedural guidelines for dealing with sexual abuse.

The Roeher Institute. (1991). Research by/for/with Women with disAbilities. Toronto. This book discusses prospective Canadian research that focuses on Women with disAbilities. It is written for those doing research in the fields of Women’s studies and disability. It provides a general outline concerning research methods dealing with Women with disAbilities.

The National Clearinghouse on Family Violence. (1993). Family violence and people with a mental handicap. Health Canada, Ottawa. This booklet reviews what it means to have a mental handicap, facts about mental handicap, why they are more at risk of abuse and offers suggestions of where to go for help.

The National Clearinghouse on Family Violence. (1994) Sexual abuse and exploitation of people with disAbilities: A study of the victims. Health Canada, Ottawa. This study examines the risk factors of disabled people and abuse, it also studies the victims and offers suggestions and recommendations.

The Blind Organization of Ontario with Self-Help Tactics (BOOST). (?) Sexual assault- it happens to blind Women too. This pamphlet discusses the occurrence of blind Women being assaulted just as a non-disabled woman could be a victim. It discusses how to deal with the situation and how to avoid such a situation.

APPENDIX NEEDS ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE:

1. Does your organization have materials specific to Women with disAbilities and violence?

If yes, please provide a brief description of the resources on the attached page.

2. Has anyone in your organization published any materials specific to Women with disAbilities and violence?

3. Has anyone in your organization produced any materials that have not been published?

4. Does your organization have an ISSN number for publications?

5. Does your organization need information on how to register with the National Library to obtain an ISSN number?

6. Is your building accessible to Women with disAbilities?

7. Are your staff trained to work with Women with disAbilities?

8. Does anyone in your organization specialize their clinical practice with Women with disabilities?

9. If yes, would they be willing to offer services to assist other counsellors as an "as needed resource"?

10. What areas are they experienced in? i.e. Alternate communication devices, ethno-racial issues, ritual abuse, institutional abuse... Please use the separate page provided.

Needs Assessment Cont./

Please provide information regarding materials specific to Women with disAbilities and violence. Is the material available in alternate formats i.e. diskette, audio tape, video tape, braille, blissymbolics...? If you already have an annotated bibliography of your available resources, that would be sufficient.

Organization produced materials specific to Women with disAbilities which have been published.

Organization produced materials which have not been published.

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBERS
IN CANADA

*National Library of Canada

What is an ISSN?

The International Standard Serial Number is a unique code for identifying serial publications, which can be used where ever information on serials needs to be recorded or communicated.

Definition of a Serial:

A "serial" is a publication issued in successive parts and intended to be continued with now predetermined end. This definition includes periodicals, newspaters, annuals(reports, yearbooks, directories etc.), journals, memoirs, proceedings, transactions of societies, monographic series, and unnumbered series. The definition does not include multivolume sets made up of a finite number of parts, even if all parts are now issued simultaneously.

Advantages of the ISSN:

The ISSN should be as basic to a serial as its title. The a dvantages of an ISSN are many.

1) An ISSN can identify a title regardless of its language or country of origin. This is possible because each serial is assigned a unique and non-transferable number according to a standard scheme that has been internationally adopted.

2) An ISSN provides an efficient and economical method of communication between publishers and suppliers.

3) An ISSN is used in libraries for identifying titles, ordering and checking in serials, and claiming missing issues.

4) An ISSN simplifies interlibrary loan systems and union catalogue reporting and listing.

5) An ISSN, employed as a standard numeric identification code, can be used in computers for updating and linking files, and retreiving and transmitting data.

Construction of an ISSN:

An ISSN consists of eight digits, the first seven being a unique title unmber and the eighth, a computer check digit. This check digit guards against the computer accepting an incorrectly transcribed ISSN.

To avoid confusion with other numbering systems, an ISSN is preceded by the letters ISSN, eg. ISSN 0027-9633. The numbers serve only to identify a serial uniquely.

For each serial assigned an ISSN, there is a corresponding key title. This key title is a commonly acceptable form of title, established at the time of the ISSN assignment. It is formulated by the responsible national centre, according to standard ISSN rules, from information appearing on the serial's title page or cover.

Because the ISSN identifies only one title, the ISSN must change when the title changes. When a title ceases to be published, the ISSN assignes to that serial's title must never be reused. Canadian publishers are requested to notify ISSN Canada of any pending title change, and to avoid printing an old ISSN on a new title.

Location of an ISSN:

The ISSN should be printed prominently on all issues of a serial, at the top right hand corner of the front cover if possible. It should always be preceded by the letters ISSN. When an International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is also applicable, usually for monographic series, the two numbers should appear together, each preceded by its own prefix of letters. The ISSN shoul be quoted on all descriptive and promotional literature regarding the serial.

International Standard Serial Numbers in Canada: ISSN Canada began registering Canadian serials in January 1974. All new serials received by the National Library of Canada are automatically registered. To help us in assigning ISSN to continuing publications and to new or changed serials, publishers are requested to send details, including, if possible, photocopies or page proofs of title page and cover, to ISSN Canada.

Information concerning serials registered throughout the ISSN network is published in the quarterly ISSN Register, available by subscription on microfiche or on CD-ROM from the ISSN International Centre, 20, rue Bachaumont, 75002, Paris, France.

All other corresondence and enquiries regarding ISSN should be addressed to:

ISSN Canada National Library of Canada 395 Wellington Street Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0N4

Telephone: (819) 994-6895 Fax: (819) 953-0291 Internet: ISSNCAN@ABS.NLC-BNC.CA

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